Room P3.10, Mathematics Building

Ciro Ciliberto, Università di Roma II
Gonality of nodal curves on general K3 surfaces

This is a report on joint work in collaboration with A. Knutsen (University of Bergen, Norway).

The pairs (S,H) with S a complex K3 surface (i.e. S is simply connected and Ω S 2 is trivial), and H is an ample line bundle of genus p (i.e. H 2=2p2), have an irreducible moduli space 𝒦 p of dimension 19. Let (S,H)𝒦 p be general. The linear system H has dimension p and its general element is a smooth curve of genus p. I consider V H,δ, the Severi variety of δ-nodal curves in H, which is locally closed of codimension δ in H and its general element is an irreducible curve with exactly δ nodes and no other singularities, so that its geometric genus (i.e. the genus of its desingularization) is g=pδ. The image of V H,δ in g, the moduli space of curves of genus g, has dimension g and its importance in moduli problems is well known. For any integer k2, consider the subscheme V H,δ kV H,δ given by {CV H,δ: the normalization of C is a k-tuple cover of 1}.

The first question is: when is V kV H,δ not empty? Using a (by now classical) vector bundle technique due to Lazarsfeld, we show that a necessary condition is δα(g(k1)(α+1)) where α:=g2(k1). A dimension count shows that, if V H,δ k is not empty, its expected dimension should be 2k2. As a matter of fact, we prove that for all even p and all δ,k verifying the above relation, V H,δ k is actually not empty, of dimension 2k2. For p odd we have a slightly weaker result. Finally, I will talk about some interesting relations of these results with a conjecture by Hassett and Tschinkel on the Mori cone of the hyperkhähler manifold Hilb k(S) (which parametrizes subschemes of S of finite lenght k).